Zvinhu zvinopfekwa nepolyurethane zvinowanzoita yero nekufamba kwenguva nekuda kwekuratidzwa kwenguva refu nechiedza che ultraviolet kana kupisa, zvichikanganisa chitarisiko chazvo uye hupenyu hwazvo. Nekuisa UV-320 uye 2-hydroxyethyl thiophosphate mucheni yekuwedzera kwe polyurethane, polyurethane isina ionic mvura ine resistance yakanaka yekutsvuka yakagadzirwa ndokuiswa pa dehwe. Kuburikidza nekusiyana kwemavara, kugadzikana, scanning electron microscope, X-ray spectrum nedzimwe bvunzo, zvakaonekwa kuti musiyano wemavara ese △E edehwe rakabatwa nezvikamu makumi mashanu zve polyurethane isina ionic mvura ine resistance yakanaka yekutsvuka yaive 2.9, giredhi rekuchinja kwemavara raive giredhi 1, uye paive nekuchinja kudiki kwemavara. Pamwe chete nezviratidziro zvekutanga zvesimba rekudhonza redehwe uye resistance yekupvuka, zvinoratidza kuti polyurethane yakagadzirirwa inodzivirira yero inogona kuvandudza resistance yedehwe uku ichichengetedza hunhu hwayo hwemakanika uye resistance yekupvuka.

Sezvo mararamiro evanhu achinja, vanhu vane zvinodiwa zvepamusoro zvemakusheni ezvigaro zveganda, kwete kungoda kuti asakuvadze hutano hwevanhu chete, asiwo kuti afadze runako. Polyurethane inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvishongedzo zveganda nekuda kwekuchengetedzeka kwayo kwakanaka uye kushanda kwayo kusina kusvibiswa, kupenya kwakanyanya, uye chimiro cheamino methylidynephosphonate chakafanana necheganda. Zvisinei, polyurethane inoshandiswa mumvura inowanzoita yero kana ikashandiswa kwenguva refu nechiedza cheultraviolet kana kupisa, zvichikanganisa hupenyu hwebasa rechinhu chacho. Semuenzaniso, zvinhu zvakawanda zvepolyurethane chena zvinowanzoita yero, kana kuti zvakanyanya kana zvishoma, zvichave yero kana yakapiswa nezuva. Saka, zvakakosha kudzidza nezvekudzivirira kwepolyurethane inoshandiswa mumvura kuti isatsvedze.

Pari zvino pane nzira nhatu dzekuvandudza kuramba kwepolyurethane kutsvuka: kugadzirisa huwandu hwezvikamu zvakaoma uye zvakapfava uye kushandura zvinhu zvakagadziriswa kubva pachikonzero chikuru, kuwedzera zvimwe zvinhu zve organic uye nanomaterials, uye kugadzirisa chimiro.

(a) Kugadzirisa huwandu hwezvikamu zvakaoma uye zvakapfava uye kuchinja zvinhu zvakagadziriswa kunogona kugadzirisa dambudziko rekuti polyurethane pachayo inogona kuita yero, asi haigone kugadzirisa kukanganisa kwenzvimbo yekunze pa polyurethane uye haigone kusangana nezvinodiwa pamusika. Kuburikidza neTG, DSC, kuramba kukwesha uye kuyedzwa kwekukwesha, zvakaonekwa kuti hunhu hwepolyurethane yakagadzirwa inodzivirira mamiriro ekunze uye dehwe rakagadziriswa ne polyurethane yakachena hwaive hwakafanana, zvichiratidza kuti polyurethane inodzivirira mamiriro ekunze inogona kuchengetedza hunhu hwekutanga hwedehwe uku ichivandudza zvakanyanya kusimba kwayo mumamiriro ekunze.

(b) Kuwedzerwa kwezvinhu zvinowedzerwa zve organic uye nanomaterials kunewo matambudziko akadai sekuwedzera kwakawanda uye kusasanganiswa zvakanaka kwe physical ne polyurethane, zvichikonzera kudzikira kwe polyurethane mechanical properties.

(c) Zvisungo zveDisulfide zvine simba guru rekudzoreredza simba, zvichiita kuti simba razvo rekushanda rive shoma, uye zvinogona kutyoka uye kuvakwazve kakawanda. Nekuda kwekudzoreredza simba rezvisungo zveDisulfide, zvisungo izvi zvinogara zvichityoka uye zvichivakwazve pasi pekuvhenekerwa nechiedza cheultraviolet, zvichishandura simba rechiedza cheultraviolet kuita kuburitswa kwesimba rekupisa. Kutsvuka kwepolyurethane kunokonzerwa nekutsvuka kwechiedza cheultraviolet, izvo zvinomutsa zvisungo zvemakemikari muzvinhu zvepolyurethane uye zvinokonzera kupatsanuka kwezvisungo uye kurongekazve, zvichikonzera shanduko dzechimiro uye kutsvuka kwepolyurethane. Saka, nekuunza zvisungo zvedisulfide muzvikamu zve polyurethane chain zvemvura, kushanda kwepolyurethane kuzviporesa uye kutsvuka kweyero kwakaedzwa. Sekureva kweGB/T 1766-2008 test, △E yaive 4.68, uye giredhi rekuchinja kwemavara raive level 2, asi sezvo yakashandisa tetraphenylene disulfide, ine ruvara rwakati, haina kukodzera polyurethane inodzivirira yellowing.

Zvishandiso zvechiedza cheUltraviolet zvinotora uye zvinobvisa ma ultraviolet zvinogona kushandura chiedza cheultraviolet chinotorwa kuita kuburitswa kwesimba rekupisa kuderedza simba remwaranzi yechiedza cheultraviolet pachimiro chepolyurethane. Nekuisa chinhu chinodzoreka chinodzoreka che2-hydroxyethyl disulfide muchikamu chekuwedzera kwe polyurethane synthesis, chinoiswa muchimiro che polyurethane, chinova chinhu che disulfide chine mapoka e hydroxyl chiri nyore kugadzirisa ne isocyanate. Pamusoro pezvo, UV-320 ultraviolet absorber inounzwa kuti ishande pamwe nekuvandudzwa kwe resistance yellow ye polyurethane. UV-320 ine mapoka e hydroxyl, nekuda kwehunhu hwayo hwekupindura nyore nyore nemapoka e isocyanate, inogonawo kuiswa muzvikamu zve polyurethane chain uye inoshandiswa pakati peganda kuti ivandudze resistance yellow ye polyurethane.

Kuburikidza nebvunzo yekusiyana kwemavara, zvakaonekwa kuti yero resistance ye polyureth yero resistance. Kuburikidza neTG, DSC, resistance abrasion uye tensile testing, zvakaonekwa kuti hunhu hwemuviri hwe polyurethane yakagadzirwa inodzivirira mamiriro ekunze uye dehwe rakagadziriswa ne polyurethane yakachena hwaienderana, zvichiratidza kuti polyurethane inodzivirira mamiriro ekunze inogona kuchengetedza hunhu hwekutanga hwedehwe uku ichivandudza zvakanyanya kusimba kwayo mumamiriro ekunze.