Kugadzirira uye hunhu hwe polyurethane semi-rigid foam yemhando yepamusoro-inoshanda mota handrails.
Iyo armrest mukati memotokari chikamu chakakosha chekombi, iyo inobata basa rekusundira nekukwevera gonhi nekuisa ruoko rwemunhu mumotokari. Muchiitiko chekukurumidzira, apo motokari uye handrail kudhumhana, polyurethane yakapfava handrail uye yakagadziridzwa PP (polypropylene), ABS (polyacrylonitrile - butadiene - styrene) uye mamwe mapurasitiki akaoma handrail, anogona kupa elasticity yakanaka uye buffer, nokudaro kuderedza kukuvara. Polyurethane yakapfava foam handrails inogona kupa ruoko rwakanaka kunzwa uye kunaka kwepamusoro magadzirirwo, nekudaro achivandudza kunyaradza uye kunaka kweiyo cockpit. Naizvozvo, nekuvandudzwa kweindasitiri yemotokari uye nekuvandudzwa kwezvinodiwa nevanhu zvemukati zvemukati, zvakanakira polyurethane furo rakapfava mumotokari handrails zviri kuramba zvichionekwa.
Kune marudzi matatu e polyurethane soft handrails: high resilience foam, self-crusted foam uye semi-rigid foam. Iyo yekunze yepamusoro yekusimba handrails yakafukidzwa nePVC (polyvinyl chloride) ganda, uye mukati mune polyurethane yakakwirira resilience foam. Tsigiro yefuro haina kusimba, simba racho rakaderera, uye kunamatira pakati pefuro neganda hakuna kukwana. Iyo yekuzvibata-ganda handrail ine furo core layer yeganda, yakaderera mutengo, yakakwirira yekubatanidza dhigirii, uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumotokari dzekutengesa, asi zvakaoma kufunga nezve simba repamusoro uye kunyaradza kwese. Semi-rigid armrest yakafukidzwa nePVC ganda, ganda rinopa kubata kwakanaka uye chitarisiko, uye iyo yemukati semi-yakaomarara furo ine yakanakisa kunzwa, kukanganisa kupikisa, kunyudzwa kwesimba uye kuramba kuchembera, saka rinowedzera uye rinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukushandiswa kwemukati memotokari yevatyairi.
Mupepa iri, iyo yekutanga foam ye polyurethane semi-rigid foam yemotokari handrails yakagadzirwa, uye kuvandudzwa kwayo kunodzidzwa pane izvi.
Chikamu chekuedza
Main raw material
Polyether polyol A (hydroxyl value 30 ~ 40 mg/g), polymer polyol B (hydroxyl value 25 ~ 30 mg/g) : Wanhua Chemical Group Co., LTD. Modified MDI [diphenylmethane diisocyanate, w (NCO) iri 25% ~ 30%], composite catalyst, wetting dispersant (Agent 3), antioxidant A: Wanhua Chemical (Beijing) Co., LTD., Maitou, nezvimwewo; Wetting dispersant (Agent 1), wetting dispersant (Agent 2): Byke Chemical. The pamusoro mbishi zvinhu iindasitiri giredhi. PVC lining ganda: Changshu Ruihua.
Main midziyo uye zviridzwa
Sdf-400 mhando yepamusoro-kumhanya musanganiswa, AR3202CN mhando yemagetsi chiyero, aluminium mold (10cm×10cm×1cm, 10cm×10cm×5cm), 101-4AB mhando yemagetsi blower oveni, KJ-1065 mhando yemagetsi universal tension muchina, super thermostat type.
Kugadzirira kwekutanga formula uye sampuli
Iko kuumbwa kweiyo semi-rigid polyurethane foam inoratidzwa muTafura 1.
Kugadzirira kweyemakanika ezvivakwa bvunzo sampuro: iyo inosanganiswa polyether (A zvinhu) yakagadzirirwa zvinoenderana nedhizaini fomula, yakasanganiswa neiyo yakagadziridzwa MDI mune imwe chikamu, yakasimudzwa neyakakura-inomhanyisa kifaa (3000r/min) ye3 ~ 5s, yozodururwa muforoma inoenderana nekupupuma, uye yakavhura mold mukati menguva yakati rebei kupeta poridhe.
Kugadzirira kwesample yekubatanidza kuita bvunzo bvunzo: ganda rePVC rinoiswa muzasi kufa kwe mold, uye iyo yakasanganiswa polyether uye yakagadziridzwa MDI inosanganiswa muchikamu, inomutswa neyakakura-inomhanyisa kifaa (3 000 r/min) kwe3 ~ 5 s, yozodururwa pamusoro peganda, uye iyo polyure yakavharwa mukati meimwe nguva mold yakavharwa.
Performance test
Mechanical properties: 40% CLD (compressive hardness) maererano ne ISO-3386 standard test; Kusimba kwesimba uye kureba panguva yekuzorora kunoedzwa zvinoenderana neISO-1798 standard; Simba rekubvarura rinoedzwa zvinoenderana ne ISO-8067 standard. Bonding performance: Muchina wemagetsi universal tension muchina unoshandiswa kusvuura ganda uye furo 180 ° zvinoenderana nechiyero cheOEM.
Kuchembera kuita: Edza kurasikirwa kwemechini zvivakwa uye zvivakwa zvekubatanidza mushure memaawa makumi maviri nemana ekuchembera pa120 ℃ zvinoenderana neyakajairwa tembiricha yeOEM.
Migumisiro uye nhaurirano
Mechanical property
Nekushandura reshiyo yepolyether polyol A uye polymer polyol B mune yekutanga formula, pesvedzero yemhando dzakasiyana dzepolyether pamagetsi emhando yesemi-rigid polyurethane foam yakaongororwa, sezvakaratidzwa muTable 2.
Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva pane zvakabuda muTable 2 kuti chiyero chepolyether polyol A kusvika ku polymer polyol B ine simba guru pamagetsi emagetsi e polyurethane foam. Kana reshiyo yepolyether polyol A kusvika kupolymer polyol B ichiwedzera, kureba panguva yekuzorora kunowedzera, kuomarara kwekumanikidza kunodzikira kune imwe nhanho, uye simba rekusimba uye kubvarura simba rinochinja zvishoma. Iyo molecular cheni ye polyurethane inonyanya kuve neyakapfava chikamu uye chakaoma chikamu, chakapfava chikamu kubva ku polyol uye chakaoma chikamu kubva ku carbamate bond. Kune rimwe divi, huremu hwema molecular huremu uye hydroxyl kukosha kwema polyols maviri akasiyana, kune rimwe divi, iyo polymer polyol B ipolyether polyol yakagadziridzwa neacrylonitrile uye styrene, uye kuomarara kwechikamu cheketani kunovandudzwa nekuda kwekuvapo kwebenzene mhete, nepo polymer polyol B ine madiki mamorekuru zvinhu. Kana polyether polyol A inhengo makumi masere uye polymer polyol B inhengo gumi, yakazara mechanical zvimiro zvefuro zviri nani.
Bonding property
Sechigadzirwa chine high press frequency, handrail ichaderedza zvakanyanya kunyaradza kwezvikamu kana furo uye ganda peel, saka kubatana kwe polyurethane furo uye ganda kunodiwa. Pahwaro hwetsvakiridzo iri pamusoro, madhizaini akasiyana-siyana akawedzerwa kuti aedze adhesion properties yefuro uye ganda. Mibairo inoratidzwa muTafura 3.
Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva Tafura 3 kuti zvakasiyana-siyana wetting dispersants zvine migumisiro yakajeka pamusoro pesimba rinoputika pakati pefuro uye ganda: Kuputsika kwefuro kunoitika mushure mekushandiswa kwekuwedzera 2, iyo inogona kukonzerwa nekuzarura kwakanyanya kwefuro mushure mekuwedzera kwekuwedzera 2; Mushure mekushandiswa kwezvinowedzera 1 ne3, kubviswa kwesimba remuenzaniso usina chinhu kune kumwe kuwedzera, uye simba rekubvisa rekuwedzera 1 rinenge 17% yakakwirira kupfuura yemuenzaniso usina chinhu, uye simba rekubvisa rekuwedzera 3 rinenge 25% yakakwirira kudarika iyo yemuenzaniso usina chinhu. Kusiyana pakati pekuwedzera 1 uye kuwedzera 3 kunonyanya kukonzerwa nemusiyano mukunyorova kwechinhu chinoumbwa pamusoro. Kazhinji, kuongorora kunyorova kwemvura pane yakasimba, iyo yekubata Angle ndiyo yakakosha parameter kuyera kunyorova kwepasi. Naizvozvo, iyo yekubata Angle pakati pezvinhu zvakaumbwa uye ganda mushure mekuwedzera maviri ari pamusoro apa weti dispersants akaedzwa, uye mhedzisiro yakaratidzwa muFigure 1.
Inogona kuonekwa kubva kuMufananidzo 1 kuti iyo yekubata Angle yemuenzaniso usina chinhu ndiyo yakakura, inova 27 °, uye iyo yekubata Angle yemubatsiri mumiriri 3 idiki, inongori 12 ° chete. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti kushandiswa kwekuwedzera 3 kunogona kuvandudza kunyorova kwezvinhu zvinosanganiswa uye ganda kusvika pamwero mukuru, uye zviri nyore kupararira pamusoro peganda, saka kushandiswa kwekuwedzera 3 kune simba guru rekusvuura.
Kuchembera pfuma
Zvigadzirwa zvemaoko zvinotsikirirwa mumotokari, kuwanda kwekuratidzwa kwezuva kwakakwira, uye kuita kwekuchembera ndechimwe chiitiko chakakosha icho polyurethane semi-rigid handrail foam inofanirwa kutariswa. Naizvozvo, kuchembera kweiyo fomula yekutanga kwakaedzwa uye chidzidzo chekuvandudza chakaitwa, uye mhedzisiro yakaratidzwa muTafura 4.
Nokuenzanisa iyo data iri muTebhu 4, inogona kuwanikwa kuti michina yemagetsi uye kusungirirwa kwemaitiro ekutanga anonyanya kuderera mushure mekukwegura kwekushisa pa 120 ℃: mushure mekukwegura kwe12h, kurasikirwa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana kunze kwehuwandu (iyo yakafanana pasi apa) ndeye 13% ~ 16%; Iko kurasikirwa kwekuita kwe24h kukwegura ndeye 23% ~ 26%. Zvinoratidzwa kuti kupisa kwekuchembera kwechimiro cheiyo yakakosha formula haina kunaka, uye kupisa kwekuchembera kwechimiro chepakutanga kunogona kuvandudzwa nekuwedzera A kirasi ye antioxidant A kune fomula. Pasi pemamiriro akafanana ekuedza mushure mekuwedzerwa kwe antioxidant A, kurasikirwa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana mushure me12h kwaiva 7% ~ 8%, uye kurasikirwa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana mushure me24h kwaiva 13% ~ 16%. Kudzikira kwemakanika zvivakwa kunonyanya kukonzerwa nekutevedzana kwekuita kweketani kunokonzereswa nekemikari bond breakage uye inoshanda yemahara radicals panguva yekupisa yekuchembera, zvichikonzera shanduko yakakosha muchimiro kana zvimiro zvechinhu chekutanga. Kune rumwe rutivi, kuderera kwekushanda kwekubatanidza kunokonzerwa nekuderera kwemagetsi ehuputi pachayo, kune rumwe rutivi, nokuti ganda rePVC rine nhamba yakawanda yeplasticizers, uye plasticizer inotamira kumusoro panguva yekukwegura kwemhepo inopisa. Kuwedzerwa kwemaoxidants kunogona kuvandudza kuchembera kwayo kuchembera, kunyanya nekuti ma antioxidants anogona kubvisa achangobva kugadzirwa emahara radicals, kunonoka kana kuvharira oxidation maitiro epolymer, kuitira kuchengetedza yekutanga zvimiro zvepolymer.
Comprehensive performance
Zvichienderana nemhedzisiro iri pamusoro, iyo yakakwana fomula yakagadzirwa uye midziyo yayo yakasiyana yakaongororwa. Kuita kweformula kwakafananidzwa neiyo general polyurethane high rebound handrail foam. Mibairo inoratidzwa muTafura 5.
Sezvinoonekwa kubva kuTable 5, kuita kweiyo optimal semi-rigid polyurethane foam formula ine zvimwe zvakanakira pamusoro peiyo yakakosha uye yakajairwa mafomula, uye inoshanda zvakanyanya, uye inonyanya kukodzera kushandiswa kwepamusoro-kushanda kwemaoko.
Mhedziso
Kugadzirisa huwandu hwepolyether uye kusarudza inokodzera wetting dispersant uye antioxidant inogona kupa iyo semi-yakaomesesa polyurethane foam yakanaka mechanic zvivakwa, yakanakisa kupisa kuchembera zvivakwa uye zvichingodaro. Zvichienderana nekuita kwakanaka kwefuro, iyi yepamusoro-inoita polyurethane semi-rigid foam chigadzirwa chinogona kuiswa kune mota buffer zvinhu senge handrails nematafura emidziyo.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-25-2024