Kugadzirwa uye hunhu hwe polyurethane semi-rigid foam yekubata maoko emotokari inoshanda zvakanyanya.
Chigadziko chemaoko chiri mukati memotokari chikamu chakakosha chekabhini, chinoita basa rekusundidzira nekudhonza gonhi uye kuisa ruoko rwemunhu ari mumotokari. Kana paine emergency, kana mota ne handrail zvasangana, polyurethane soft handrail uye modified PP (polypropylene), ABS (polyacrylonitrile - butadiene - styrene) nedzimwe handrail dzakaoma dzepurasitiki, zvinogona kupa elasticity yakanaka uye buffer, nokudaro zvichideredza kukuvara. Polyurethane soft foam handrails inogona kupa kunzwa kwakanaka kweruoko uye kunaka kwepamusoro, nokudaro ichivandudza kunyaradzwa uye runako rwecockpit. Saka, nekukura kweindasitiri yemotokari uye kuvandudzwa kwezvinodiwa nevanhu zvezvinhu zvemukati, mabhenefiti e polyurethane soft foam mu handrails dzemotokari ari kuramba achionekwa.
Kune mhando nhatu dzema "handrails" akapfava epolyurethane: "high resistance foam", "self-crusted foam" uye "semi-rigid foam". Pamusoro pe "high resistance handrails" yakafukidzwa neganda rePVC (polyvinyl chloride), uye mukati mayo mune "polyurethane high resistance foam". Rutsigiro rwe "furo" haruna kusimba, simba rayo harina kusimba, uye kubatana pakati pe "furo" neganda hakuna kukwana. "Handrail" ine "foam core layer" yeganda, inodhura zvishoma, ine "high integration degree", uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumotokari dzekutengeserana, asi zvakaoma kufunga nezvesimba repamusoro uye kunyaradzwa kwaro. "Semi-rigid armrest" yakafukidzwa neganda rePVC, ganda rinopa kubata kwakanaka uye chitarisiko chakanaka, uye "internal semi-rigid foam" ine "inzwi rakanaka", "influence resistance", "energy absorption" uye "achester resistance", saka iri kushandiswa zvakanyanya mukushandisa mukati memotokari dzevatakuri.
Mupepa rino, fomura yekutanga ye polyurethane semi-rigid foam yemota handrails yakagadzirwa, uye kuvandudzwa kwayo kunodzidzwa pahwaro uhwu.
Chikamu chekuedza
Zvinhu zvikuru zvekugadzira
Polyether polyol A (hydroxyl kukosha 30 ~ 40 mg/g), polymer polyol B (hydroxyl kukosha 25 ~ 30 mg/g): Wanhua Chemical Group Co., LTD. Modified MDI [diphenylmethane diisocyanate, w (NCO) iri 25% ~ 30%], composite catalyst, wetting dispersant (Agent 3), antioxidant A: Wanhua Chemical (Beijing) Co., LTD., Maitou, nezvimwewo; Wetting dispersant (Agent 1), wetting dispersant (Agent 2): Byke Chemical. Zvinhu zviri pamusoro apa ndezvemhando yeindasitiri. PVC lining skin: Changshu Ruihua.
Midziyo mikuru nemidziyo
Muchina wekusanganisa unomhanya neSdf-400, AR3202CN electronic balance, aluminium mold (10cm×10cm×1cm, 10cm×10cm×5cm), ovheni yemagetsi ye101-4AB, muchina wemagetsi weKJ-1065, super thermostat ye501A.
Kugadzirira fomura yekutanga uye muenzaniso
Kuumbwa kwekutanga kwefuro re polyurethane rakapfava kunoratidzwa muTafura 1.
Kugadzirwa kwemuenzaniso wekuyedza hunhu hwemakanika: polyether yakagadzirwa zvinoenderana nechimiro chekugadzira, yakasanganiswa neMDI yakagadziriswa muchikamu chakati, yakasanganiswa nemudziyo wekukurunga unomhanya (3000r/min) kwemasekonzi matatu kusvika mashanu, yozodururwa muchimiro chakakodzera kuita furo, uye yakavhura chimiro mukati menguva yakati kuti iwane muenzaniso wakaumbwa nefuro repolyurethane rakati twasu.
Kugadzirira sampuro yekuedza kushanda kwekubatanidza: ganda rePVC rinoiswa muchikamu chezasi chemold, uye polyether yakabatana neMDI yakagadziriswa zvinosanganiswa zvakaenzana, zvichikurunganiswa nemudziyo wekukurunga unokurumidza (3 000 r/min) kwemasekondi matatu kusvika mashanu, zvobva zvadururwa pamusoro peganda, uye mold yacho inovharwa, uye polyurethane furo rine ganda rinoumbwa mukati menguva yakati.
Bvunzo rekushanda
Hunhu hwemakanika: 40% CLD (kuomarara kwekumanikidza) zvichienderana neISO-3386 standard test; Simba rekusimba uye kureba panguva yekupwanyika zvinoedzwa zvichienderana neISO-1798 standard; Simba rekusimba kwekubvaruka rinoedzwa zvichienderana neISO-8067 standard. Kushanda kwekubatanidza: Muchina wemagetsi unoshandiswa kubvisa ganda nefuro 180° zvichienderana nestandard yeOEM.
Kushanda zvakanaka kwekukwegura: Edza kurasikirwa kwehunhu hwemakanika uye hunhu hwekubatanidza mushure memaawa makumi maviri nemana ekukwegura pa120℃ zvichienderana netembiricha yakajairwa yeOEM.
Mhedzisiro nehurukuro
Zvivakwa zvemakanika
Nekuchinja chiyero chepolyether polyol A nepolymer polyol B muchimiro chekutanga, simba remupimo wepolyether wakasiyana pahunhu hwemuchina we semi-rigid polyurethane foam rakaongororwa, sezvakaratidzwa muTafura 2.
Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva mumhedzisiro iri muTafura 2 kuti chiyero chepolyether polyol A kune polymer polyol B chine mhedzisiro yakakura pahunhu hwemuchina hwepolyurethane foam. Kana chiyero chepolyether polyol A kune polymer polyol B chikawedzera, kureba pakuputsika kunowedzera, kuomarara kwekumanikidza kunoderera kusvika pamwero wakati, uye simba rekudhonza uye simba rekubvarura rinochinja zvishoma. Cheni yemamorekuru yepolyurethane inonyanya kuve nechikamu chakapfava nechikamu chakaoma, chikamu chakapfava kubva kupolyol uye chikamu chakaoma kubva kucarbamate bond. Kune rumwe rutivi, huremu hwemamorekuru uye kukosha kwehydroxyl kwemapolyol maviri zvakasiyana, kune rumwe rutivi, polymer polyol B ipolyether polyol yakagadziriswa neacrylonitrile nestyrene, uye kuomarara kwechikamu checheni kunovandudzwa nekuda kwekuvapo kwebenzene ring, nepo polymer polyol B iine zvinhu zvidiki zvemamorekuru, izvo zvinowedzera kuputsika kwefuro. Kana polyether polyol A iri zvikamu makumi masere uye polymer polyol B iri zvikamu gumi, hunhu hwakazara hwemuchina hwefuro huri nani.
Imba yekubatanidza
Sechigadzirwa chine kudzvanywa kwakanyanya, handrail inoderedza zvakanyanya kugadzikana kwezvikamu kana furo neganda zvikabviswa, saka mashandiro ekubatanidza furo repolyurethane neganda anodiwa. Zvichibva mukutsvagurudza kuri pamusoro apa, ma dispersants akasiyana-siyana akawedzerwa kuti kuyedzwe hunhu hwekunamatira kwefuro neganda. Mhedzisiro yacho inoratidzwa muTafura 3.
Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva paTafura 3 kuti zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinonyungudutsa zvine mhedzisiro yakajeka pakukwesha kwefuro neganda: Kudonha kwefuro kunoitika mushure mekushandisa chinhu chinowedzera 2, izvo zvinogona kukonzerwa nekuvhurwa kwakanyanya kwefuro mushure mekuwedzera chinhu chinowedzera 2; Mushure mekushandisa zvinhu zvinowedzerwa 1 ne3, simba rekunyungudutsa remuenzaniso usina chinhu rinowedzera, uye simba rekunyungudutsa rechinhu chinowedzera 1 rakakwirira ne17% kupfuura remuenzaniso usina chinhu, uye simba rekunyungudutsa rechinhu chinowedzera 3 rakakwirira ne25% kupfuura remuenzaniso usina chinhu. Musiyano uripo pakati pechinhu chinowedzera 1 nechinhu chinowedzera 3 unonyanya kukonzerwa nekusiyana kwekunyorova kwechinhu chinobatanidza pamusoro. Kazhinji, kuti uongorore kunyorova kwemvura pachisikwa chakasimba, Angle yekubatana ndiyo parameter yakakosha yekuyera kunyorova kwepamusoro. Naizvozvo, Angle yekubatana pakati pechinhu chinobatanidza neganda mushure mekuwedzera zvinhu zviviri zvinonyungudutsa pamusoro yakaedzwa, uye mhedzisiro yacho yakaratidzwa muMufananidzo 1.
Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva paMufananidzo 1 kuti Angle yekubata yemuenzaniso usina chinhu ndiyo yakakura kupfuura dzose, inova 27°, uye Angle yekubata yemushonga wekubatsira 3 ndiyo diki pane dzose, inova 12° chete. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti kushandiswa kwekuwedzera 3 kunogona kuvandudza kunyorova kwezvinhu zvakasanganiswa neganda zvakanyanya, uye zviri nyore kuparadzira pamusoro peganda, saka kushandisa kuwedzera 3 kune simba guru rekukwesha.
Nzvimbo yekukwegura
Zvigadzirwa zvemuchadenga zvinodzvanywa mumotokari, kuwanda kwekuratidzwa kwezuva kwakakwira, uye kukwegura kwemuchadenga ndeimwezve basa rakakosha iro polyurethane semi-rigid handrail foam inofanira kufunga nezvaro. Saka, kukwegura kwemuchadenga wepakutanga kwakaedzwa uye ongororo yekuvandudza yakaitwa, uye mhedzisiro yacho yakaratidzwa muTafura 4.
Nekuenzanisa data riri muTafura 4, zvinogona kuwanikwa kuti hunhu hwemakanika uye hunhu hwekubatanidza hwefomura yekutanga zvinodzikira zvakanyanya mushure mekukwegura kwekupisa pa120℃: mushure mekukwegura kwemaawa gumi nemaviri, kurasikirwa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana kunze kwehuwandu (hwakafanana pazasi) i13% ~ 16%; Kurasikirwa kwekushanda kwekukwegura kwemaawa makumi maviri nemana i23% ~ 26%. Zvinoratidzwa kuti hunhu hwekupisa hwekukwegura hwefomura yekutanga hahuna kunaka, uye hunhu hwekupisa hwekukwegura hwefomura yekutanga hunogona kuvandudzwa zviri pachena nekuwedzera A kirasi yeantioxidant A kufomura. Pasi pemamiriro akafanana ekuyedza mushure mekuwedzera antioxidant A, kurasikirwa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana mushure memaawa gumi nemaviri kwaive 7% ~ 8%, uye kurasikirwa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana mushure memaawa makumi maviri nemana kwaive 13% ~ 16%. Kuderera kwehunhu hwemakanika kunonyanya kukonzerwa nematanho ekuita kwecheni kunokonzerwa nekuputsika kwebond yemakemikari uye active free radicals panguva yekukwegura kwekupisa, zvichikonzera shanduko huru muchimiro kana hunhu hwechinhu chekutanga. Kune rumwe rutivi, kudzikira kwekushanda kwekubatana kunokonzerwa nekuderera kwehunhu hwemuchina hwefuro pacharo, kune rumwe rutivi, nekuti ganda rePVC rine huwandu hwakawanda hwemapurasitiki, uye purasitiki inotama ichienda pamusoro panguva yekukwegura kweokisijeni inopisa. Kuwedzerwa kwema antioxidants kunogona kuvandudza hunhu hwayo hwekukwegura kwekupisa, kunyanya nekuti ma antioxidants anogona kubvisa ma free radicals matsva, kunonoka kana kudzivirira maitiro e oxidation epolymer, kuitira kuchengetedza hunhu hwepakutanga hwepolymer.
Kushanda kwakakwana
Zvichibva pamhedzisiro iri pamusoro apa, fomura yakanakisisa yakagadzirwa uye hunhu hwayo hwakasiyana-siyana hwakaongororwa. Kushanda kwefomura kwakaenzaniswa nekwefoam repamusoro re polyurethane high rebound handrail. Mhedzisiro yacho inoratidzwa muTafura 5.
Sezvatinoona kubva paTafura 5, kushanda kwefomura yepolyurethane foam ine mabhenefiti akawanda pane yekutanga uye yakajairika, uye inoshanda zvakanyanya, uye yakakodzera kushandiswa kwemaoko emaoko anoshanda zvakanyanya.
Mhedziso
Kugadzirisa huwandu hwepolyether uye kusarudza dispersant inonyorovesa uye antioxidant inogona kupa furo repolyurethane rakati rigare zvakanaka, hunhu hwakanaka hwekuchenesesa kupisa nezvimwewo. Zvichienderana nekushanda kwakanaka kwefuro, furo iri repolyurethane rakati rigare zvakanaka rinogona kushandiswa pazvinhu zvekuchengetedza mota zvakaita sema handrails nematafura emidziyo.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikunguru-25-2024